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Family · sexual

PT-141

Bremelanotide (brand name Vyleesi)

Research useEducational entry
Mechanism

A synthetic melanocortin-receptor agonist, acting mainly on MC4R (with some MC3R activity) in the central nervous system, engaging brain circuits linked to sexual desire rather than acting on genital blood flow the way PDE5 inhibitors do.

Evidence

Bremelanotide is one of the few peptides in this space with genuine human regulatory approval: as Vyleesi, it was approved by the U.S. FDA in 2019 for hypoactive sexual desire disorder (HSDD) in premenopausal women, based on the RECONNECT program — two large randomized, placebo-controlled Phase 3 trials. Use outside that approved population (e.g., in men, or for general arousal enhancement) is off-label and supported by much thinner evidence.

Applications
  • FDA-approved (as Vyleesi) for hypoactive sexual desire disorder in premenopausal women
  • Studied off-label for low sexual desire/arousal in other populations
  • Investigated as a centrally-acting alternative or adjunct to vascular (PDE5-inhibitor) approaches to erectile dysfunction
Protocol

Educational overview only — no dosing instructions in the public hub.

Risks

Nausea and flushing are the most common adverse effects; transient increases in blood pressure and headache have also been reported in trials, and the prescribing information flags caution in people with cardiovascular risk factors. Material obtained outside licensed pharmacy channels removes clinical oversight, dose control and quality assurance entirely.

Quality

Third-party CoA (purity + quantification + MS) is the minimum verification for any non-pharmacy-sourced material; it does not substitute for a prescriber's evaluation.

Legal status

Approved prescription drug (bremelanotide/Vyleesi) in the United States for a specific, narrow indication. Unapproved or 'research-grade' material sold outside pharmacy channels is not the same regulated product and is not intended for human use.

✓ Last reviewed · 2026-07-21

Frequently asked questions

What is PT-141 used for?
FDA-approved (as Vyleesi) for hypoactive sexual desire disorder in premenopausal women. Studied off-label for low sexual desire/arousal in other populations. Investigated as a centrally-acting alternative or adjunct to vascular (PDE5-inhibitor) approaches to erectile dysfunction. Bremelanotide is one of the few peptides in this space with genuine human regulatory approval: as Vyleesi, it was approved by the U.S. FDA in 2019 for hypoactive sexual desire disorder (HSDD) in premenopausal women, based on the RECONNECT program — two large randomized, placebo-controlled Phase 3 trials. Use outside that approved population (e.g., in men, or for general arousal enhancement) is off-label and supported by much thinner evidence.
Is PT-141 legal in Europe?
Approved prescription drug (bremelanotide/Vyleesi) in the United States for a specific, narrow indication. Unapproved or 'research-grade' material sold outside pharmacy channels is not the same regulated product and is not intended for human use.
What are the risks and side effects of PT-141?
Nausea and flushing are the most common adverse effects; transient increases in blood pressure and headache have also been reported in trials, and the prescribing information flags caution in people with cardiovascular risk factors. Material obtained outside licensed pharmacy channels removes clinical oversight, dose control and quality assurance entirely.
How is the quality of PT-141 assessed?
Third-party CoA (purity + quantification + MS) is the minimum verification for any non-pharmacy-sourced material; it does not substitute for a prescriber's evaluation.